md-medicaldata

Authors

 

Katarina Baralić¹, Milka Kostadinović¹, Marko Antunović², Snežana Đorđević², Zorica Bulat¹, Marijana Ćurčić¹, Danijela Đukić-Ćosić^1
1Katedra za toksikologiju "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Univerzitet u Beogradu – Farmaceutski fakultet, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Beograd, Srbija
²Centar za kontrolu trovanja, Vojnomedicinska akademija, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Beograd, Srbija

 

• Rad je primljen 20.06.2016. / Prihvaćen 01.07.2016.

 

Correspondence to:
Dr Danijela Đukić-Ćosić
Katedra za toksikologiju "Akademik Danilo Soldatović"
Univerzitet u Beogradu – Farmaceutski fakultet
Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Beograd
E mail:  danijela.djukic.cosic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs
telefon: 0638472709

 

Abstract

 

This study presents the case of opiate analysis in urine of two female participants, aged between 20 and 25 who consumed commonly available bakery products with poppy seeds. One of the participants consumed strudel, the product with larger amount of poppy seeds, while the other consumed braid pastry. Urine samples of both participants (n=8) were collected 5, 12, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h after the consummation. Immunochromatographic screening test (cuttof 300 ng/mL) and LC-MS analysis were preformed on the presence of opiates.
The screening test for opiates was positive for a very long period of time, 48 h after the consumption of braid pastry and even 72 h after the consumption of strudel. LC-MS analysis verified the results of screening test and the presence of the main opioide alcaloides, morphine and codeine, was confirmed in all positive samples. Determined morphine level was higher than the level of codeine in all samples. The concentration of morphine (0.25 mg/L) was higher in urine of the participant who consumed strudel, compared to the concentration of morphine (0.06 mg/L) after the consumption of braid pastry.
The results of this research show that opiates can be found in urine after the consumption of products which contain poppy seed. Morphine and codeine can be detected even during the same time period as in the samples of users of psychoactive substances (3 days and longer). According to the results, retention time of opiates in urine is longer after the consumption of products with higher amounts of poppy. This finding should be taken into account in routine testing of employees in the workplace, members of the military, students in schools, as well as athletes.

 

 

Key words

opiates, products which contain poppy seed, urine, screening test, false positive results, LC-MS analysis

 

 

References

 

1. Lachenmeier D.W, Sproll C, Musshoff F. Poppy Seed Foods and Opiate Drug Testing-Where Are We Today? Ther Drug Monit 2010; 32(1): 11-8.
2. Lum G, Mushlin B, Urine Drug Testing: Approaches to Screening and Confirmation Testing. Lab Med 2004; 6(35): 368-73.
3. Denić K, Rusić B, Antunović M, Đorđević S, Nešić V, Kilibarda V. Imunohromatografski skrining urina. Uzroci lažno pozitivnih i negativnih rezultata MD-Medical Data 2013; 5(4): 385-9.
4. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM). Scientific Opinion on the risks for public health related to the presence of opium alkaloids in poppy seeds. EFSA Journal 2011; 9(11), 2405.
5. Jankovičová K, Ulbrich P, Fuknová M. Effect of poppy seed consummation on the positive results of opiates screening in biological samples. Leg Med 2011; 11: S416–S418.
6. Samano K.L, Clouette R.E, Rowland B.J, Barry R.H. Concentrations of Morphine and Codeine in Paired Oral Fluid and Urine Specimens Following Ingestion of a Poppy Seed Roll and Raw Poppy Seeds, J Anal Toxicol 2015; 39(8): 655-61.
7. Đukić-Ćosić D, Bulat Z, Antunović M, Rusić B, Denić K, Đorđević S, Ćurčić M, Antonijević B, Matović V. Consummation of Strudel with Poppy Seed and Opiates Urinalysis by Drug Screening Test and LC/MS Method. 11th Serbian Congress of Toxicology, Sremski Karlovci, Serbia, June 24-27, 2014.
8. Smith M.L, Nichols D.C, Underwood P. Morphine and codeine concentrations in human urine following controlled poppy seeds administration of known opiate content. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 241: 87-90.
9. Thevis M, Opfermann G, Schiinzer W. Urinary Concentrations of Morphine and Codeine After Consumption of Poppy Seeds. J Anal Toxicol 2003; 27: 53-5.
10. Jenkins AJ. Pharmacokinetics of specific drugs. In Karch SB (Ed), Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of abused drugs 2008; p. 50-3.
11. Fumio M, Kwok-Ming C, Yoshiaki H. Concentrations of morphine and codeine in urine of heroin abusers: Legal Medicine 1991; 1(3), 140–4.

UDK: 615.322:633.75-153.01
615.214.074
COBISS.SR-ID 226170124

PDF Baralić K. et al • MD-Medical Data 2016;8(3): 207-211