md-medicaldata

Authors

 

Marija Đurović
Odsek za adolescentnu psihijatriju i psihoterapiju, Bolnica za psihijatriju, KBC ”Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje“

 

• Rad je primljen 04.06.2016. / Prihvaćen 13.06.2016.

 

Correspodernce to:
Dr Marija Đurović
Odsek za adolescentnu psihijatriju i psihoterapiju,
Bolnica za psihijatriju,
KBC ”Dr Dragiša Mišović-Dedinje“

maki.djurovic@gmail.com

 

Abstract

 

Eating disorders are conditions characterized by a persistent disturbance of eating or an eating-related behavior that significantly impairs physical and mental health and also psychosocial functioning. The most often diagnosed eating disorders are: anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by persistent caloric intake restriction, fear of gaining weight/becoming fat, persistent behavior impeding weight gain and a disturbance in perceived weight or shape. To diagnose bulimia nervosacertain diagnostic criteria must be met: recurrent binge eating, recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain (for example, induced vomiting and excessive exercise) and self-evaluation unduly influenced by shape and weight.
Eating disorders are serious, potentially life threatening mental illnesses. Eating disorders defy classification solely as mental illnesses as they not only involve considerable psychological impairment and distress, but they are also associated with major wide-ranging and serious medical complications, which can affect every major organ in the body. The mortality rate for people with eating disorders is the highest of all psychiatric illnesses and over 12 times higher than that for people without eating disorders.
Eating disorders also appear in the sport environment. In sport,eating disorders occur more frequently in females than males,  more frequently in “lean“ sports such as athletics, gymnastics, but also in wrestling.
Treatment of athletes suffering from eating disorders involves a multidisciplinary approach: psychotherapy, consultation with a nutritionist and endocrinologist, sometimes cardiologists. In certain cases, pharmacotherapy is indicated .The problem in the treatment of athletes suffering is primarily that they hide their illness more than the rest of sufferers and are reluctant to talk about it. When the treatment starts it can take months and years, so they are afraid it will affect their sport performance.

 

 

Key words

eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, sport

 

 

References

 

1. Kaplan H., Sadock B. Synopsis of psychiatry. Bihevioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 2015.
2. Weinberg RS, Gould D. Foundations of sport and exercise psychology, 2011.
3. Fairburn CG, Brownell KD. Eating disorders and obesity. 2002. The Guilford press, New York London
4. Garner D,  Garfinkel P. Handbook of Treatment of Eating Disorders. 1997. The Gulford press, New York London
5. Beals KA. Disorded eating among athlets-A comprehensive guide for health professionals. 2004.
6. Brown GT. Mind, Body and Sport understandining and supporting student-athlete Mental Wellness, 2014.
7. Bergh C, Callmar M, Danemar S, Hölcke M, Isberg S, Leon S, Lindgren J, Lundqvist Å, Niinimaa M, Olofsson B, Palmberg K, Pettersson A, Zandian M, Åsberg K, Effective Treatment of Eating Disorders: Results at Multiple Sites, Behavioral Neuroscience 2013; 127(6): 878 – 889

PDF Ðurovic M. et al • MD-Medical Data 2016;8(2) 113-118